Robots

People use more and more robots in work. The most sophisticated(先進(jìn)的)Japanese robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe.

Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding (焊接), spray-painting and assembling components.

In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.

It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100 times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.

It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan.

The reliability of robots is measured in their M.T.B.F. or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years.) One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small sample.

The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. Once programmed, the robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored.

1.Studied of robots from computer control software perspective, which of the following statements is true

A.Japanese technology is more advanced than American technology.

B.Europe technology is more advanced than American technology.

C.Europe technology is more advanced than Japanese technology.

D.American technology is less advanced than Europe technology.

正確答案:C

解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：從計(jì)算機(jī)控制軟件的方面上來(lái)看機(jī)器人,下面哪個(gè)命題是真的？第一段的最后一句話：Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe. 是說(shuō)計(jì)算機(jī)控制軟件的方面上來(lái)看機(jī)器人，日本的技術(shù)沒(méi)有美國(guó)和歐洲好。那么從A.B.C.D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思來(lái)看，只有C

2.Which of the following ones is not the purpose of making industrial robots nowadays

A.Handling objects.

B.Welding.

C.Spray-painting.

D.Assembling components.

正確答案:A

解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：下面哪一項(xiàng)不是現(xiàn)如今制造工業(yè)機(jī)器人的目的？根據(jù)第二段可知：最初制造工業(yè)機(jī)器人的目的是為了簡(jiǎn)單的處理物體，而現(xiàn)在的目的是為了完成一些有技術(shù)含量的工作，例如焊接.噴漆和裝配零件。所以可知A是正確答案

3.Why have robot sales been declining since 1984 in Britain

A.British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive.

B.Engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.

C.Not mentioned.

D.Both A and B.

正確答案:D

解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是:為什么從1984年開(kāi)始英國(guó)機(jī)器人的銷(xiāo)量就開(kāi)始下滑？根據(jù)第三段可知，部分原因是英國(guó)的工資增長(zhǎng)率太低使得機(jī)器人在財(cái)政上沒(méi)有吸引力，還有部分原因是因?yàn)?a title="工程" href='//xjsv.cn/templets/channel_gongcheng_badayuan/' target='_blank' class='blue'>工程師們對(duì)于機(jī)器人有了更多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，使得他們知道在有效地引進(jìn)機(jī)器人方面存在困難。A和B的答案放在一起是完全的，所以選擇D

4.How much percent of comic book heroes in Japan are robots

A.10%.

B.20%.

C.30%.

D.40%

正確答案:B

解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：日本連環(huán)畫(huà)中的主人公有多少是機(jī)器人？文章第五段中的第一句話：It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. 可以很清楚的看出是百分之二十，所以選擇B

5.According to Japanese companies，what’ s the biggest benefit of robots

A.Robots are cheaper than workers.

B.Robots can work more accurately and consistently than workers.

C.One robot can replace more than ten workers.

D.Robots do better than workers.

正確答案:B

解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：根據(jù)日本公司的看法，機(jī)器人最大的好處是什么？文章的最后一段：Once programmed, the robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored. 一旦被設(shè)計(jì)了程序，機(jī)器人可以準(zhǔn)確并持續(xù)工作，而工人則會(huì)感到疲勞和厭倦。所以B是答案。A.C和D 文章沒(méi)有提到。

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